Cervical cancer and what you can do to help prevent it

Cervical cancer is one of the cancers you can often prevent, which is great news. Regular checkups, the HPV vaccine and knowing what puts you at risk all play an important role. Taking simple steps now can make a big difference later. 

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination 

HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine protects against the strains of the virus that are most likely to cause cancer. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends vaccination for preteens beginning at ages 11 or 12, although it can as early as age nine. If someone missed the vaccine when they were younger, they may still be able to get it through their mid-twenties. A quick conversation with a healthcare provider can help decide the best plan. 

Routine screening 

Routine screening is one of the strongest tools we have to prevent cervical cancer. Screenings can catch early cell changes long before they turn into cancer. A Pap test checks for changes in cervical cells. An HPV test looks for high risk HPV. The National Cancer Institute notes that screenings generally begin at age 21. From ages 30 to 65, individuals can have a Pap test every three years, or an HPV test every five years or both tests every five years. Your provider can help you choose which option is best for you.  

Follow-up care 

If a screening shows something abnormal or unclear, follow-up care is important. Getting checked again or receiving treatment early can stop cervical cancer before it starts. 

Healthy lifestyle choices 

Daily habits can also play a role. Not smoking and keeping your immune system strong can help lower the chances of an HPV infection. These habits work even better when you stay up-to-date on vaccines and screenings. 

Cervical cancer prevention is all about staying informed and taking action. When people keep up with their screenings, get vaccinated and follow up on test results, they give themselves the best chance to stay healthy.